What is lipedema? Is there a treatment?

It does not pose a life-threatening risk but causes significant aesthetic discomfort to patients. It particularly flares in women during puberty, pregnancy or menopause.

Lipedema is a chronic disorder resulting from abnormal accumulation of fatty tissue in the body, and if left untreated, negatively affects quality of life in advanced age. Cardiovascular Surgeon Specialist Dr. Associate Professor Uğur Cangel answered the most frequently asked questions about lipedema.

Dr. Uğur Cangel noted that lipedema occurs in both women and men, but the rate is much higher in women: "Lipedema is a chronic disorder generally affecting women and characterized by abnormal accumulation of fatty tissue in the body. Symmetric fat deposition typically occurs in lower extremities such as the legs, thighs and sometimes arms, but the feet are usually unaffected. This condition generally appears or worsens during hormonal changes such as puberty, pregnancy or menopause."

Swelling, pain and bruising occur in both legs.

Dr. Uğur Cangel listed the symptoms that develop in lipedema: "We can examine the symptoms under several headings. In the case of symmetric fat accumulation, equal fat deposition is generally seen in both legs. Additionally, pain, sensitivity and pressure sensitivity can occur in affected areas. Edema is also among the prominent symptoms. Swelling may increase when standing for long periods, but this generally decreases overnight. Likewise, easy bruising is one of the symptoms of lipedema. Bruising can easily occur due to increased vessel fragility in subcutaneous tissues. Another symptom of lipedema is skin changes. Skin tissue may be softer than normal and may have an orange-peel appearance."

The difference between lipedema and obesity…

Dr. Uğur Cangel, providing information on diagnostic methods for lipedema, preventive measures that can be taken and current treatments applied, continued as follows:

Lipedema diagnosis is generally made by listening to the patient's complaints and physical examination. Imaging techniques such as ultrasound can help distinguish lipedema from other disorders. Additional tests such as lipid tests and biopsy may rarely be used.

If there is a family history, it can be seen in other individuals.

Although the exact cause of lipedema is not fully known, genetic predisposition is thought to play an important role. In individuals with a family history of lipedema, the risk of developing this disorder may be higher.

What are the distinguishing features from other diseases?

Obesity: In lipedema, fat distribution is not asymmetric; the legs may be disproportionately thicker. In obesity, there is general weight gain and fat accumulation.

Lymphedema: In lipedema, swelling generally does not affect the feet, but in lymphedema, the feet and fingers may also be affected.

Can cause health problems in advanced age.

Although lipedema is not a life-threatening condition, as it progresses it can significantly reduce quality of life and lead to movement restriction, depression and other health problems.

What Happens If It Is Not Treated?

If left untreated, lipedema can progress, the risk of lymphedema development increases, mobility may decrease and pain may worsen. This condition can also lead to psychological stress and loss of confidence.

Is Prevention Possible?

Although there is no definitive prevention method, symptoms can be alleviated through balanced nutrition, regular exercise and a healthy lifestyle. Early recognition of lipedema can slow its progression.

Lipedema Treatment

Management and treatment of lipedema should be planned individually and under the guidance of a specialized healthcare professional. Several different treatment methods can be applied for lipedema. One of these is compression garments. These garments help reduce swelling. Another treatment method is manual lymph drainage. This method reduces edema by increasing lymph flow. Liposuction is another treatment method that can be applied by plastic surgeons. This method aims to reduce fat accumulation.  

Additionally, physical therapy and exercise can help maintain mobility and alleviate pain.