Study: Microplastics in Blood Bags May Affect Red Blood Cells

New research suggests that microplastics released from blood storage bags may increase damage to red blood cells during storage.

A new study revealing that microplastics released from blood storage bags could have adverse effects on red blood cells during storage has reignited debate over the biocompatibility of medical plastics. However, researchers emphasize that current findings do not provide sufficiently conclusive evidence to warrant changes to materials used in blood bags.

The research evaluated how microplastic particles gradually detaching from blood bags can interact with stored red blood cells and may exacerbate structural deterioration that naturally occurs in cells during storage. The findings suggest that blood storage systems may represent a previously underestimated source of microplastic exposure.

May affect quality during storage
Red blood cells are preserved in specialized plastic bags for a specific period following blood donation. During this period, natural changes defined as "storage lesion" occur, including loss of cell membrane elasticity, biochemical changes, and oxidative stress. Researchers assess that microplastics could accelerate or intensify this process.

Analyses conducted in laboratory settings observed that microplastic particles could produce effects on the integrity and mechanical properties of red blood cells. However, the clinical significance of these effects for patients in actual clinical applications remains unclear.

More comprehensive clinical studies needed
Experts evaluating the research state that the current findings raise an important scientific question but are insufficient to warrant changes in healthcare practice. Researchers emphasize that current practices regarding blood bag safety and the effectiveness of blood transfusions continue unchanged, and note that broader clinical studies are needed to clarify the potential effects of microplastic exposure.

Medical plastics back on agenda
Various studies conducted in recent years have shown that microplastics can reach the human body not only through the environment but also via medical devices and single-use health equipment. Previous published research reported that intravenous (IV) fluid bags can also release microplastic particles. The new study brings similar discussion to the fore with regard to blood storage bags.

Scientists emphasize that the long-term effects of microplastics on human health are still being investigated and existing data must be carefully evaluated, while suggesting that new findings could contribute to efforts aimed at developing safer biomaterials.

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