Bio-Based Polymer Materials

Utilizing Bio-Based Polymer Materials to Remove Dye from Aqueous Solutions Water supplies continue to be insufficient due to global climate change, rapid population growth, and industrialization, and current resources are degraded by careless usage, creating a serious problem. Despite the fact that water supplies are rapidly diminishing, wastewater treatment alone is insufficient. Reusing treated wastewater in a sustainable manner is equally crucial. Both the economy and environmental sustainability benefit from the treatment and reuse of wastewater. Domestic and industrial operations produce wastewater that contains potentially hazardous contaminants. The untreated discharge of printing and dyeing industry waste into lakes, rivers, and streams contributes significantly to water pollution. It is estimated that more than 10,000 different dyes and pigments are used industrially worldwide and approximately 0.7 million tons of dyes are synthesized each year. Given the pollution caused by dye waste produced in very high quantities, studies on wastewater treatment are important. According to a survey by Fortune Business Insights, metal and/or dye removal from wastewater is performed using physical, chemical, and biological techniques. Sieves, screens, grit traps, floating matter traps, balancing and settling pools are examples of physical treatment techniques. Using a variety of chemicals, pollutants that cannot be physically treated and precipitated are eliminated from the environment. Chemical-based removal techniques include coagulation, flocculation, disinfection, and ion exchange. The adsorption technique is recommended as the best method for eliminating a variety of contaminants since it is effective, simple to use, and economical to operate on an industrial scale. The choice of adsorbent is crucial because it affects the cost, capacity, and selectivity of the process as well as the removal of wastewater via adsorption. Adsorbents can be categorized as natural (clay, zeolite, fly ash), artificial (silica gels, resins, polymers), or bio-adsorbents, according to the adsorbent source (chitin, chitosan, yeast, fungal and bacterial biomass, etc.). Due to their effective adsorption capability and relatively simple fabrication procedure, polymeric adsorbents are commonly used. Recent years have seen an increase in literature research on bio-based polymers made from inexpensive, safe, and biodegradable natural raw materials. In the production of bio-based polymers, chitin, chitosan, cellulose, alginate, lignin, starch-based substances are used as raw materials, as well as polyethylene glycol (PEG) structured molecules for biodegradability. At the Izel Kimya R&D Center, several projects are being carried out to remove paint and metal from wastewater in an effort to support the fight against environmental pollution. References: 1. S.F. Ahmed, M. Mofijur, Samiha Nuzhat, Anika Tasnim Chowdhury, Nazifa Rafa, Md. Alhaz Uddin, Abrar Inayat, T.M.I. Mahlia, Hwai Chyuan Ong, Wen Yi Chia, Pau Loke Show, Recent developments in physical, biological, chemical, and hybrid treatment techniques for removing emerging contaminants from wastewater, Journal of Hazardous Materials, Volume 416, 2021, 125912, ISSN 0304- 3894, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125912. 2. Russo, T.; Fucile, P.; Giacometti, R.; Sannino, F. Sustainable Removal of Contaminants by Biopolymers: A Novel Approach for Wastewater Treatment. Current State and Future Perspectives. Processes 2021, 9, 719. https://doi.org/10.3390/pr9040719 3. https://www.fortunebusinessinsights.com/water-and-wastewater-treatment-market-102632 4. N. Khan,ST Hussain, A. Saboor, N. Jamila, KS Kim, Int. J. Phys. Sci ,8(33), 1661 (2013). 5. A. B. dos Santos, F. J. Cervantes, and J. B. van Lier, (2007), "Review paper on current technologies for decolourisation of textile wastewaters: perspectives for anaerobic biotechnology," Bioresource Technology, vol. 98, no. 12, pp. 2369–2385. 6. Ranade, V. V., Bhandari, V. M., (2014), "Industrial Wastewater Treatment, Recycling and Reuse: An Overview", Elsevier, Oxford, Chapter 1. 7. Crini, G., Lichtfouse, E. (2018), "Wastewater Treatment: An Overview.", Green Adsorbents For Pollutant Removal, pp.1-21.) Dr. Cemil Dizman R&D Manager İzel Kimya Aleyna Turanlı R&D Researcher İzel Kimya