Obtaining Waterproof Coating Material and High Performance Shoe Adhesive
Abstract
Waterproof materials are mostly chemical and offer temporary solutions. It is also of high cost. They also create a permanent deformation problem on the shoe surface. One of the most important areas for the shoe industry is adhesives. Adhesives are an interface material that binds objects together.
These adhesives, which consist of chemicals, are of great importance for the life of shoes. In daily life, we are constantly in motion and are constantly undergoing deformations. In addition, in cases of difficult contact with the shoes, heavier deformations occur and the surfaces and sole and upper / side parts are separated from each other.
Many organizations for such problems are in search of the ideal adhesive production. For this purpose, in our study, a coating material that will provide highperformance adhesive and water-proofing properties in shoe products has been obtained.
1. Introduction
Adhesives are natural and synthetic substances that stick objects and surfaces together. Many adhesives are produced for specific purposes, depending on the industry and the substrates that need to be bonded together.
Adhesives are mostly made of polymers or resins, which are chemical structures that can eventually be recognized as plastics. Each adhesive has its own formula. In case of need, the adhesive varies according to the material. Adhesives can be divided into three main categories: natural adhesives, semisynthetic adhesives and synthetic polymers [1,2].
Natural Adhesives: In ancient times, natural adhesives were obtained from plants and parts of animals such as bones, skin and glands. While animal adhesives are mostly preferred for rough works and areas where strong bonding is required, vegetable adhesives are used for finer works (starch, etc.) such as paper gluing.
In the middle ages, animal natural adhesives were made from fats of cattle such as cows, bulls, buffaloes, nerve. It was obtained from tissue, tendons, bones. In recent studies, stronger natural adhesives are produced.
Herbal Adhesives: Are mostly created by processing starchy plants. Apart from starch, resins of some tree species are also vegetable adhesives. Starch is a polymeric material with a high molecular weight. It is quite abundant in substances such as wheat and potatoes.
Starch is a polymer of glucose and is applied when cold and has no odour. On the other hand, starch is not a strong adhesive and has low resistance to water. It is processed to increase its resistance. Dextrin (a gummy substance obtained from the splitting of starch), obtained by the degradation of starch by heating, is more resistant to moisture than starch.
Therefore, it is preferred to use dextrin instead of starch. There are three types of dextrin: White dextrin, yellow and canary dextrin, English gum. When barox is added to dextrin, its stickiness and strength increase. In the Ottoman period, an adhesive called çiriş was used instead of adhesives such as derby and bally used today in the field of leather and leather shoes.
This glue is obtained from dextrin found in the roots of çiriş, a plant with white flowers from the lily family.
Proteinaceous Adhesives: Among the proteinaceous adhesives produced from parts of animals such as bones, skin and gills, the most widely used one in the field of protection is the one known today as animal glue.
Animal glue is a gelatinous glue made from the bones and skin of animals, in dark purple, brown color, used after dissolving in water.
[caption id="attachment_143952" align="aligncenter" width="725"]
Figure 1. Water sealant and shoe glue[/caption]
Adhesives Used in Shoe Making:
• Hotmelt Adhesive,
• Solvent Based Polychloroprene Adhesive (Derby),
• Solvent Based Elastomer Based Adhesive,
• Solvent Based Polyurethane Adhesive,
• It is a one-component, polychloroprene-based, water- based adhesive [1,2].
In addition to adhesives, one of the most important conditions is waterproofing products. These chemicalweighte materials, when sprayed on the surface of the
shoes, provide protection for up to several hours and show a hydrophobic feature that does not like water by repelling the incoming liquid.
However, there are known mistakes. The ones produced with water repellent technology are also water resistant, but they are not as good at protecting the shoes as their waterproof feature.
Some of the waterproof shoes do not take air. There are models suitable for outdoor sports.
It keeps the feet warm in winter and does not feel wet. Thanks to shoe technologies, production with different features takes place. What kind of seasons and weather conditions the shoes will be used in, will have an impact on the choice of technology.
Among the most well-known shoe technologies, there is waterproofing, also known as waterproof. Waterproof shoes are mostly used in winter and spring.
In winter and autumn, the interest in waterproof boots is quite high. In the spring, shoes are preferred instead of boots [3]. Water sealant and shoe adhesive are shown in Figure 1.
[caption id="attachment_143953" align="aligncenter" width="570"]
Figure 2.1. Our waterproofing coating material and trial runs[/caption]
In this study, a coating material that will provide high performance adhesive and waterproofing properties in shoe products has been obtained.
2. Materials and Method
2.1. Material
As waterproofing materials, citric acid coated calcite, silica, airgel and our patented content matrix material and high performance instant adhesive patented content were preferred.
2.2. Method
A mixture was prepared by using citric acid coated calcite 3-7.5%, silica 1-5%, airgel 1-5% and our patented ingredient matrix material, and a certain flow rate was sprayed on summer and winter shoes with a spray gun.
After waiting for half an hour, the water tightness performance was measured by passing through a waterintensive road [4]. Our waterproofing coating material and trial studies Figure 2.1. It is located in.
Our patented high-performance fast adhesive content was injected into the torn part of the sole of the shoe, and it was waited for it to boil quickly with the upper material, and the hardening was completely completed in 15 minutes [5]. Our high performance shoe adhesive application with our patented content is shown in Figure 2.2.
[caption id="attachment_143954" align="aligncenter" width="652"]
Figure 2.2. Our high performance shoe adhesive application with our patented content[/caption]
3. Conclusions and Discussion
In this study, we have successfully obtained a coating material that will provide high performance adhesive and waterproofing properties in shoe products. Despite passing the water-filled road, there was no processing on the inner surface of the shoes, and the fact that it did not accumulate on the shoes makes it highly probable that this material will shed light on the future.
Our study will also be tested in other conditions. Our highperformance shoe adhesive hardened quickly within 15 minutes of application. After wearing shoes, walking and contact with a hard object were provided to measure performance.
These test conditions were tested under conditions covering 48 hours. Our work, which will
shed light on adhesives for shoe manufacturers, provides ideal properties.
References
[1]https://bilimkultur.com/yapistirici-cesitleri-yapistiricinedir/#Yapistirici_Cesitleri_Nelerdir
[2]https://acikders.ankara.edu.tr/pluginfile.php/74929/mod_resource/content/1/Unite_4.pdf
[3] https://www.sportiveturkiye.com/dogru-giyin/su-gecirmez-ayakkabilarin-ozellikleri/
[4] Cheramie, H. S., & O’Grady, S. E. (2003). Hoof repair and glue-on shoe adhesive technology. Veterinary Clinics: Equine Practice, 19(2), 519-530.
[5] Bulus, G. S., & Bulus, E. (2021). Production of Aerogel-Silica Based Super Hydrophobic Waterproof Material in Smart Surface Coatings. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS AND ELECTRONIC DEVICES, 7(1), 15-18.
Assist. Prof. Dr. Tayfun Çetin
Hakkari University
Department of Electricity and Energy
Natural Gas and Installation Technology
Kübra Gödek
Istanbul Arel University
Biomedical Engineering
Gülseren Sakarya Buluş
Specialist Nurse
Istanbul Provincial Health Directorate / Health Services Presidency
Bahcesehir University / Engineering Management Thesis Master’s Program
Instructor Erdi Buluş
Metallurgical and Materials High Engineer / Senior Material Technologies Specialist
Istanbul Arel University ArelPOTKAM
(Polymer Technologies and Composite Application and Research Center)
